Glossary/Online Safety Basics/Cyberbullying

what is cyberbullying

What is Cyberbullying?

Cyberbullying is bullying that happens through digital devices — phones, computers, or tablets — via apps, social media, text messages, or online gaming. It includes sending mean messages, spreading rumors online, posting embarrassing photos, or excluding someone from online groups repeatedly over time.

Why It Matters for Families

Unlike in-person bullying, cyberbullying follows kids home — it can happen at any hour, reach a wide audience instantly, and feel inescapable. Research consistently links cyberbullying to anxiety, depression, and lower academic performance. Early identification and intervention significantly reduce long-term harm.

Warning Signs to Watch For

  • 1Becomes visibly upset, angry, or withdrawn after using devices
  • 2Avoids or seems reluctant to discuss their online activity
  • 3Unexpectedly stops using apps or platforms they previously enjoyed
  • 4Seems anxious when a message or notification arrives
  • 5Withdraws from friends, family, or activities they used to enjoy

What You Can Do

Don't delete evidence — screenshot everything. Use the platform's block and report tools immediately. Talk with your child without judgment, focusing on support rather than blame. Contact the school if other students are involved. If threats are made or content involves minors sexually, report to law enforcement and the NCMEC Cybertipline.

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Related Terms

Online Predators
Online predators are adults who use the internet to target and exploit minors, typically through social media, gaming platforms, or messaging apps. They often use deception — pretending to be peers or romantic interests — and build trust through a gradual process called grooming before attempting to exploit children.
Doxxing
Doxxing (also written as 'doxing') is the act of researching and publicly exposing private personal information about someone — such as their home address, phone number, school, or workplace — without their consent, usually with the intent to harass, threaten, or harm them.
Cyberstalking
Cyberstalking is the repeated use of technology to harass, monitor, or intimidate a specific person. It goes beyond bullying to include systematic tracking of someone's online activity, unwanted contact across multiple platforms, threats, and attempts to monitor their physical location.
Pile-On (Online)
A pile-on is when many people collectively direct criticism, mockery, or harassment toward a single individual online — often triggered by a social media post being shared out of context or condemned by a prominent account. Even when started with genuine grievance, pile-ons rapidly become disproportionate and can cause severe psychological harm.
Digital Citizenship
Digital citizenship refers to the responsible, ethical, and safe use of technology and the internet. It encompasses understanding online rights and responsibilities, practicing respectful online behavior, protecting personal privacy, and thinking critically about digital content.
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